装配式地下综合管廊项目经济评价与系统设计

陶群

摘 要

装配式地下综合管廊能提高城市承载力，成为近些年研究热点。现阶段装配式综合管廊存在发展障碍如前期投资大、后期收费困难等，对政府财政能力要求高。因此，在项目决策前判断其财务可行性和经济合理性十分重要。本文以费用-效益为理论基础，对装配式综合管廊项目进行全面的经济评价，并设计项目经济评价系统，具体工作如下：

首先，本文总结了国内外地下综合管廊经济分析研究现状，概述装配式综合管廊的概念与分类、制作和施工流程、建设养护管理模式以及经济评价的重要性。其次，基于“建养一体化”理念，文章分析了装配式综合管廊项目的全生命周期成本和综合效益。利用机会成本法分析计算外部成本，利用条件价值法、效益转移法等分析计算外部效益，并总结了影响费用、效益的各类因素。将费用-效益作为经济评价参数，文章对装配式综合管廊项目进行财务评价和国民经济评价，依据评价结果判断该项目的经济合理性。最后，在分析经济评价系统总体架构设计以及功能框架的基础上，设计了装配式综合管廊项目经济评价系统。

本文以实际工程案例为背景，分析装配式综合管廊的工程经济性，可得到该装配式综合管廊项目国民经济评价可行，财务评价不可行。设计的综合管廊项目经济评价系统，能避免数据重复性输入，提高经济评价效率。同时，通过提供数据接口与其他信息系统协同应用，提高综合管廊项目投资可靠度。

关键词：装配式综合管廊；建养一体化；经济评价系统开发；经济分析；费用效益

Abstract

The prefabricated utility tunnel can improve city's carrying capacity and has become a research hotspot in recent years.While there are some barriers to the development of prefabricated utility tunnel,such as large investment in the early stage and difficulty in charging in the later stage, which require high financial ability of the government.Thus, assessing financial feasibility and economic rationality before making decision is of great importance.Based on cost-benefit theory,a comprehensive economic evaluation of the prefabricated utility tunnel is conducted, and a economic evaluation system is designed in this thesis.The specific work is as follows:

Firstly,it summarizes the research status of the utility tunnel’s economic analysis at home and abroad,and outlines the prefabricated utility tunnel’s definition and classification,production and construction process,construction and maintenance management model, and the importance of economic evaluation.Secondly,based on the concept of “integrated construction and maintenance”, the whole life cycle cost and comprehensive benefit of the prefabricated utility tunnel are analyzed.Also,the thesis analyzes and calculates the external cost with opportunity cost method and the external benefit with condition value method and benefit transfer method.The various factors that affect costs and benefits are also summarized.Additionally,taking cost-benefit as the economic evaluation parameter,the financial evaluation and national economic evaluation of the prefabricated utility tunnel are carried out to evaluate the economic rationality of the project.Finally,after analyzing the overall architecture design and functional framework of the economic evaluation system,the economic evaluation system of the prefabricated utility tunnel is designed.

Based on actual engineering cases,this thesis analyzes the economics of the prefabricated utility tunnel.The national economic evaluation of the prefabricated utility tunnel is feasible, but the financial evaluation is not feasible.The designed economic evaluation system of the prefabricated utility tunnel can avoid repeated data input and improve the economic evaluation efficiency.At the same time, the investment reliability of the prefabricated utility tunnel can be improved by providing data interfaces and collaborating with other information systems.

Key words: Prefabricated utility tunnel; Integrated construction and maintenance; Economic evaluation system development；Economic analysis; Cost-benefit