基于Revit的建筑信息模型数据转换研究

吴尧

摘 要

建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling，BIM）技术为工程项目参与各方提供了数据共享、协同工作的平台，有助于提升各方的工作效率。但是现阶段BIM在应用过程中由于技术障碍使其发展受到了限制。这些技术障碍导致设计阶段的信息传递效率低，主要表现在两点：一是BIM构件复用性低，设计师缺乏有效工具去高效地调用构件建立模型；二是BIM软件与结构分析软件之间数据兼容性差，BIM模型数据不能直接有效利用，传统结构分析软件建模效率低下，导致结构设计人员重复建模工作量大。因此，为了充分发挥BIM技术的效益，亟需采取新的手段去改善BIM数据传递效率低下的问题。

本文首先综合分析了市场上主流的BIM核心建模软件，选择基于Revit平台进行研究。随后对Revit应用程序接口（Application Programming Interface，API）技术的功能与开发方式进行了研究，为后面的软件功能开发提供了基础。其次，本文从单体构件层面出发，分析并总结了现阶段族文件复用性低的原因。在对族文件进行收集整理的建立本地族库基础上，通过C#编程语言，结合WPF技术，开发了一款族库管理工具，使得设计人员能够高效地检索与调用族文件，提高了族文件的复用性。利用标准族文件所搭建的BIM模型有利于后续模型信息的转换与共享。最后，本文针对BIM模型数据与ABAQUS软件的数据交互问题进行了研究。分析了现阶段BIM软件与结构分析软件进行数据转换的主流方式，发现采用Revit二次开发技术建立转换接口的方式具有直接、准确的优势。通过Revit API提取 Revit软件中的结构模型的构件几何与非几何信息、荷载信息以及边界条件信息，并结合 ABAQUS二次开发技术，实现Revit完整的结构模型信息到ABAQUS的高效转换。

实现BIM模型数据在设计阶段的高效传递有助于提升模型的复用性，从而提升设计效率与质量。本文所开发的族库管理工具与模型转换接口能有效改善BIM数据在设计阶段的传递效率低的问题，能够为后续研究提供借鉴。

关键词： BIM技术；Revit API；数据传递；ABAQUS；数据转换接口

Abstract

Building Information Modeling (BIM) provides a platform for data sharing and collaborative work for all parties involved in construction projects, which helps to improve the work efficiency of various departments, but at this stage, BIM has been limited due to technical shortcomings. These technical defects are mainly manifested in two points. First, BIM software lacks components that meet the actual engineering modeling needs, resulting in designers building component models time-consuming and laborious, and as the number of components increases with the project, designers lack effective tools to efficiently call components to establish models, resulting in low component reuse. Second, the data compatibility between BIM software and structural analysis software is poor, BIM model data cannot be directly and effectively used, and traditional structural analysis software modeling efficiency is inefficient, resulting in structural designers repeated modeling workload. Therefore, in order to give full play to the benefits of BIM technology, it is urgent to take new measures to improve these BIM technology defects.

This thesis first comprehensively analyzes the mainstream BIM core modeling software on the market, and selects the Revit platform for research. Subsequently, the functions and development methods of The Application Programming Interface (API) technology of Revit were studied, which provided a basis for the development of subsequent software functions. Secondly, starting from the level of single components, this thesis analyzes and summarizes the reasons for the low reusability of family files at this stage. On the basis of the establishment of local family libraries for the collection and collation of family files, through the C# programming language, combined with WPF technology, a family library management tool was developed, which enables designers to efficiently retrieve and recall family files and improve the reuse of family files. The BIM model built by using standard family files is conducive to the transmission and sharing of subsequent model information. Finally, this thesis examines the data interaction problem between BIM model data and ABAKUS software. This thesis analyzes the mainstream data exchange methods between BIM software and structural analysis software at this stage, and finds that the use of Revit secondary development technology to establish a conversion interface has direct and accurate advantages. Through the Revit API, the geometric and non-geometric information, load information and boundary condition information of the structural model in the Revit software are extracted, and combined with the ABAQUS secondary development technology, it is realized to achieve the efficient conversion of the complete structural model information of Revit to ABAQUS.

The efficient transmission of BIM model data during the design phase helps to improve the reusability of the model, thereby improving the design efficiency and quality. The family library management tool and model conversion interface developed in this thesis can effectively improve the problem of low transmission efficiency of BIM data in the design stage, and can provide reference for subsequent research.

Key words: BIM, Revit API, The transmission of data, ABAQUS, Data conversion interface