BIM环境下支持施工图审查的工程信息交付标准研究

王春宵

摘要

常规施工图审查所需的建筑设计信息的载体是二维CAD图纸，由于审图人员的主观判断、施工图审查量大、从业人员少、门槛高，造成了目前施工图审查任务重、漏审、错审和效率低等问题。建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling, BIM）是迄今为止建筑工程和信息技术最成功的结合，BIM协同设计模式极大地提高了设计的效率和质量，设计交付成果也将逐步转变为BIM模型。直接以BIM模型作为施工图审查所需的建筑设计信息的载体，将会极大地提高BIM环境下施工图审查的效率和准确性。保证施工图审查所需信息的完备性是施工图审查的前提和关键，所以本文提出了BIM环境下支持施工图审查的工程信息交付标准研究。

本文首先对BIM在施工图审查中的价值进行分析，同时也指出了目前还存在的不足与改进方法，然后介绍了BIM环境下的施工图审查关键技术：模型准备、规范条文的结构化、规则推理和出具审查报告，指出“模型准备”着重解决的就是模型的精细度问题，并且可以借鉴LOD（Level of Development）标准来研究模型的交付标准。其次，本文介绍了信息交付手册（IDM），它是BIM的流程交付需求定义标准，是为特定项目的特定流程确定具体的需要交换的信息，本文借助IDM对施工图审查的信息交付流程进行定义，然后利用标准表格对交付流程进行详细描述，确定施工图审查的信息交付需求，最后参照国内已经发布的设计信息交付标准的一般规定，提出了BIM环境下支持施工图审查的工程信息交付标准，并详细阐述了交付标准的构成内容。

本文最后利用某项目作为实例验证了本文提出的交付标准，本标准可以为相关交付标准的制定提供参考和借鉴，同时也可以推动BIM环境下施工图审查的广泛应用。

关键词：建筑信息模型，信息交付手册，模型视图定义，施工图审查，交付标准

Abstract

The carrier of architectural design information required for the review of routine construction drawings is two-dimensional CAD drawing. Due to the subjective judgments of plan reviewers, the large number of construction drawings, the low number of employees, and the high barriers to entry have caused problems such as heavy review, missing review, wrong review, and low efficiency in the current construction plan review. The Building Information Modeling (BIM) is by far the most successful combination of architectural engineering and information technology. The BIM collaborative design model has greatly improved the design efficiency and quality, and the design delivery results will gradually become BIM models. The use of the BIM model as a vehicle for reviewing building design information required for construction drawings will greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of construction drawings review under the BIM environment. To ensure the completeness of the information required for construction drawing review is the premise and key factor to construction drawing review. Therefore, this paper proposes a study on the project information delivery standard supporting construction drawing review under the BIM environment.

This article first analyzes the value of BIM in the review of construction drawings, and also points out the existing deficiencies and improvements, and then introduces the key technologies of construction drawings review in the BIM environment: building model preparation, rule interpretation, rule execution, and rule reporting, points out that "model preparation" focuses on the finesse of the model, and can use the LOD (Level of Development) standard to study the model's delivery criteria. Then, this article introduces the information delivery manual (IDM), which is the definition standard of BIM's process delivery requirements. It is to determine the specific information that needs to be exchanged for a specific process of a specific project. This article uses IDM to define the information delivery process for review of construction drawings. Then use the standard form to describe the delivery process in detail, determine the information delivery requirements for the review of construction drawings, and finally, with reference to the general provisions of the domestic delivery standards for design information delivery, propose standards for the delivery of engineering information supporting the review of construction drawings in the BIM environment and elaborates on the composition of the delivery standard.

Finally, this article uses a project as an example to verify the delivery standards proposed in this paper. This standard also provides reference for the formulation of relevant delivery standards, and it can also promote the extensive application of construction drawings review under the BIM environment.

Keywords: Building Information Modeling; Information Delivery Manual; Model View Definition; Construction Drawing Review; Delivery Standard