基于综合生理信号的盾构施工人员噪声烦恼评估

裘露婷

摘 要

作为城市轨道交通建设工程项目的重要组成部分，隧道施工的安全及质量问题受到广泛关注。盾构法具有施工机械化程度高、环境扰动小和工期较短等优点，已经成为隧道施工中的主要方式之一。长期暴露在盾构施工噪声下的施工人员的噪声烦恼和认知能力下降问题，是施工中潜在的安全问题和质量隐患问题。作为职前筛查的一项测试项目，评估盾构施工人员的噪声烦恼和认知表现，分析其在嘈杂的工作环境中的自我调节能力，有利于筛除不合格的施工人员，降低盾构施工作业中的质量和安全隐患。

本研究首先概述了噪声烦恼的相关理论，初步探究了盾构施工人员的噪声烦恼。其次，根据对施工人员噪声烦恼的初步探究，进行了实验设计，采集了盾构施工噪声干扰下施工人员的综合生理信号。最后，分析了综合生理信号和噪声烦恼之间的相关关系，并提出了一种基于综合生理信号的噪声烦恼评估模型。

基于皮尔逊相关性分析，选取a(AF3+AF4+F3+F4)/b(AF3+AF4+F3+F4)、a(F4)/b(F4)-a(F3)/b(F3)、q(Frontal)/b(Frontal)和a(Frontal)+q(Frontal))/b(Frontal)等四个指标作为脑电信号参数，得出在噪声干扰下，a(Frontal)+q(Frontal))/b(Frontal)与噪声烦恼的相关性程度最高。选取RMSSD、LF/HF、HR等三个指标作为心电信号参数，得出LF/HF与噪声烦恼的相关性程度最高。最后，综合考虑脑电信号和心电信号中不同变量之间的结构关系，提出了一种基于综合生理信号的噪声烦恼评估的线性回归模型，并进行职前筛查模拟实验，测试了该评估模型的可用性。

关键词：盾构施工噪声；盾构施工人员；噪声烦恼；脑电信号；心电信号

Abstract

As an important part of urban rail transit construction project, the safety and quality of tunnel construction has been widely concerned. The shield method has become one of the main methods in tunnel construction due to its advantages. The noise annoyance and cognitive decline of construction personnel who have been exposed to construction noise for a long time are the potential safety and quality problems. Assessing the noise annoyance and cognitive performance of shield construction personnel is helpful to screen out unqualified construction personnel. Therefore, the quality and safety of shield construction can be reduced.

Firstly, the noise annoyance of shield construction personnel was preliminarily explored. Secondly, based on the preliminary study, the experimental design was carried out, and the comprehensive physiological signals of the construction personnel under the interference of the Shield construction noise were collected. Finally, the correlation between comprehensive physiological signals and noise annoyance was analyzed, and a noise annoyance evaluation model based on comprehensive physiological signals was proposed.

In this study, Four indicators were selected as EEG signal parameters in this study, including a(AF3+AF4+F3+F4)/b(AF3+AF4+F3+F4), a(F4)/b(F4)-a(F3)/b(F3), q(Frontal)/b(Frontal) and a(Frontal)+q(Frontal))/b(Frontal) , and the correlation between noise annoyance and a(Frontal)+q(Frontal))/b(Frontal) was the highest. RMSSD, LF/HF and HR were selected as ECG signal parameters, and the correlation between LF/HF and noise annoyance was the highest. Finally, a linear regression model based on the comprehensive physiological signals was proposed, and the usability of the model was tested by the pre-service screening simulation experiment.

Keywords: Shield Construction Noise, Shield Constructors, Noise Annoyance, EEG, ECG