接触网施工技术交底文本自动生成研究

雷坤

摘 要

随着高速铁路运输需求的日益增加，电气化铁路建设里程不断提高。电气化铁路运行所需电能由电力牵引供电系统提供，作为其中唯一无备份且露天运行的子系统，接触网工程的施工质量对于保障电气化铁路整体运营平稳具有十分重要的意义。面对日益加快的建设节奏和高质量的施工目标，传统的接触网施工技术管理模式亟需变革，通过智能化手段辅助接触网工程技术管理，提升管理效率逐渐成为趋势。

基于接触网工程施工现场管理实践中技术交底文件编制任务重，文本质量不高等问题，提出使用自动化手段生成接触网工程技术交底主要内容文本的方法。首先，通过分析接触网工程技术知识的特点，建立接触网工程技术知识元表示模型，对来自案例资料、标准规范、设计资料等多个来源的技术知识进行模型化表达。其次，针对接触网工程标准化程度高的特点，提出了针对接触网工程案例知识重用的案例-规则混合推理模型，通过对既往案例进行相似检索和适应性规则调整，实现对既往工程技术知识的挖掘和利用。最后，在知识推理的基础上运用自然语言处理技术实现新建工程项目技术交底文本的自动生成，并以腕臂安装工程为例进行了实证研究。

采用问卷调查的形式邀请接触网施工一线技术人员从必要性、操作性和实用性等三个维度对自动生成技术交底文本进行评价。结果显示自动生成的接触网施工技术交底文本整体表现良好，其文本完整性和可读性方面基本可以满足现场管理需求，能较好辅助现场管理以减轻技术管理人员的负担。

关键词：接触网，知识管理，技术交底，案例推理，文本生成

Abstract

With the increasing demand for high-speed railway transportation, the mileage of electrified railway continues to increase. The electric energy required for the operation of electrified railways is provided by the electric traction power supply system. As the only subsystem in the traction power supply system that has no backup and operates in the open air, the construction quality of the overhead contact system is very important to ensure the smooth operation of the electrified railway. Facing the increasing construction rhythm and high-quality construction goals, the traditional overhead contact system construction technology management methods need to be changed, which means that the use of intelligent means to assist the overhead contact system construction technology management to improve management efficiency has gradually become a trend.

Based on the problems of heavy preparation and low quality of technical disclosure documents in the construction site management, a method for generating the main content of the technical disclosure texts of overhead contact system construction by using automatic generation technology is proposed. Firstly, by analyzing the characteristics of overhead contact system engineering technology knowledge, a meta-representation model of overhead contact system construction technology knowledge is established. Then, the technical knowledge from multiple sources such as case data, standard specifications, and design data are modeled and expressed. Secondly, due to the high degree of standardization of overhead contact system construction, a case-rule hybrid reasoning model for overhead contact system construction case knowledge reuse is proposed. Through similar retrieval and adaptive rule adjustment on past cases, overhead contact system construction technical knowledge is tapped and utilized. Finally, the technical disclosure text of the new overhead contact system project is automatically generated by using natural language processing technology, which is based on knowledge reasoning. Then empirical research is carried out, taking the completed project as an example

A questionnaire for front-line technicians is implemented to evaluate the performance of the automatically generated technical disclosure text in terms of necessity, operability and practicability. The results show that the automatically generated overhead contact system construction technical disclosure text performs well overall. On the one hand, it can assist on-site management to reduce the burden of technical management personnel. On the other hand, it can also meet the requirements of on-site management in terms of text integrity and readability.

Keywords: Overhead Contact System, Knowledge Management, Technical Disclosure, Case Reasoning, Text Generation