建筑企业创新战略对技术创新能力作用机制研究

何黎明

摘 要

建筑业正处于转型升级时期，需要创新驱动行业的发展。为此，住建部提出要进一步增强建筑企业的创新能力。建筑企业作为创新主体，更应不断提高技术创新能力。然而，建筑企业的技术创新能力相对弱于其他行业。同时，任何企业的发展和创新都需要战略指导。因此，研究建筑企业创新战略对技术创新能力作用机制的重要性和必要性不言自明。

首先，本文对建筑企业技术创新现状和技术创新能力进行了梳理分析，整理影响技术创新能力的因素。在此基础上，从企业层面考虑了影响建筑企业技术创新能力的因素，并分析各影响因素之间的关系，基于技术创新过程理论构建了创新战略对技术创新能力作用机制模型；其次基于结构方程模型，探讨和验证了构建的理论模型。最后，根据模型得出的影响路径结果，提出提升建筑企业技术创新能力建议。

研究结果表明：创新战略对于技术创新能力的提升具有最大的推动作用。但是创新战略对于技术创新能力没有直接的显著影响作用，是通过中间变量间接影响。其中，影响企业技术创新能力提升共有三条显著路径，按路径系数总效应影响大小降序为：创新战略→资源配置→技术创新能力、创新战略→组织创新→技术创新能力、创新战略→创新文化→技术创新能力。此外，基于模型输出结果，从战略、组织、资源和文化四个维度共同考虑促进建筑企业技术创新能力的提升。

通过对建筑企业创新战略对技术创新能力作用机制模型的研究，本文结合实际问题和模型输出结果，从战略层面、组织层面、资源层面以及文化层面等四个层面，为建筑企业提出提升技术创新能力的参考建议和方案，促进建筑企业提升技术创新能力。

关键词： 建筑企业；创新战略；技术创新能力；结构方程模型

Abstract

The construction industry is in a period of transformation and upgrading, which requires innovation to drive the development of the industry. To this end, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development proposed to further enhance the innovation capacity of construction enterprises. As the main body of innovation, construction enterprises should constantly improve the ability of technological innovation. However, the technical innovation ability of construction enterprises is relatively weak compared with other industries. At the same time, the development and innovation of any enterprise need strategic guidance. Therefore, it is of great importance and necessity to study the innovation strategy of construction enterprises on the mechanism of technological innovation capability.

First of all, this paper analyzes the status quo and ability of technological innovation of construction enterprises, and sorts out the factors affecting the ability of technological innovation. On this basis, the factors affecting the technological innovation ability of construction enterprises are considered from the enterprise level, and the relationship between the factors is analyzed. Based on the theory of technological innovation process, the mechanism model of innovation strategy on technological innovation ability is constructed. Secondly, based on structural equation model, the theoretical model is discussed and verified. Finally, according to the influence path results obtained by the model, some suggestions are put forward to improve the technological innovation ability of construction enterprises.

The results show that the innovation strategy has the greatest promoting effect on the improvement of technological innovation ability. However, innovation strategy has no direct significant impact on technological innovation ability, but indirectly through intermediate variables. Among them, there are three significant paths influencing the improvement of technological innovation ability of enterprises, in descending order of the total effect of path coefficient: innovation strategy→resource allocation→technological innovation ability, innovation strategy→organizational innovation→technological innovation ability, innovation strategy→innovation culture→technological innovation ability. In addition, based on the output results of the model, four dimensions of strategy, organization, resources and culture are considered to promote the technological innovation ability of construction enterprises.

By means of building enterprise innovation strategy on the research of the technology innovation mechanism model, combining with the actual problem and the model output, from a strategic level, organization level, resource level and cultural level from four aspects, for the construction enterprise promote technology innovation ability of the reference suggestion and scheme, promote the construction enterprise technology innovation ability.

Key words: construction companies; innovation strategy; technological innovation ability; Structural equation model