摘要

建筑工程质量好坏事关人民生命财产安全，也影响用户对其的舒适度和满意度，因此成为各方关注的焦点。在新的科学技术环境下，新颖的建筑工程设计造型层出不穷，并具有庞大复杂的专业系统，海量繁琐的数据信息，这使得传统的质量管理方式面临严峻的挑战，质量问题层出不穷危害人民安居乐业。随着计算机技术的发展、通讯技术和网络技术的普及，工程管理领域也迎来了全球信息化的大潮。1998年科技部、建设部等八个部委通过“甩图板”推广普及计算机辅助绘图，渐渐替代了手工绘图。十多年后的今天，BIM（Building Information Modeling）的出现和普及不仅仅改变了从业者的生产工具，也为工程质量管理提供了新的思路，为精益建造思想的贯彻执行提供了有力的工具。

本文研究BIM环境下的工程质量管理方法，讨论了BIM技术应用与施工质量管理的必要性、合理性、有利性及可行性。论文在通过文献分析与实践基础上，指出了传统质量控制方法的不足及现有研究的空白，并从整个行业的高度，提出了构建基于BIM的动态质量管理模型的思路，并阐述了BIM技术应用及其与其他信息技术集合对项目全寿命期质量管理的应用价值；接着结合传统质量管理理论对基于BIM的质量控制模型的概念、内涵和意义做了阐述，并详细描述了质量模型的建模方法及数据结构及基于BIM的质量管理流程。在3D BIM建设产品模型基础上引入进度模型形成4D动态进度模型，并集成包含规范标准的POP质量模型，形成5D质量模型。为保证数据的统一性和可靠性，在分析各质量责任主体信息需求的基础上，根据质量管理的信息深度要求，建立了面向质量管理的BIM建模及信息交换标准、数据集成方法及质量数据POP结构支持质量管理流程；最后，通过博览中心应用案例展示了BIM技术在施工质量的具体实施方法

关键词：建设工程；施工质量；BIM；标准规范；3D

ABSTRACT

The construction quality is always the focusand aim of a project, how to control and manage the quality of the project isan eternal theme. With the endless stream of new architectural design,increasingly diversity in functions and complexity in professional system,massive tedious data information, quality and management is facing sternchallenge in the new political, economic, social and technological environment.The emergence and popularization of BIM (Information Modeling Building) not onlychanged the production tools of practitioners, but also provided a new way forengineering quality management. This paper will conduct research and discussionin aspect of the construction quality management in the time of opportunity andchallenge.

The failure ofconstruction projects can be minimized if quality is closely scrutinized andstrictly controlled according to relevant construction codes throughout theconstruction phase. However, due to the scattered codes for individualcomponents, poor accountability and limited control over the constructionprocess, the value of the end product of construction is compromised. The valueof the end product resides in its quality, which is controlled by every link inthe construction process. In order to solve this problem, this study proposes aquality management model which integrated, categorized and standardizednational, industry and local quality control codes and information forconstruction product, organization, and process（POP）for each individual component toconstruct a quality model. This Quality Model makes it possible and feasible totrace who is responsible for what process and product in the constructionproject. BIM links a visualized 3D model with a scheduling (4D schedule model)as well as a quality model to form a 5D model. The 5D model displays qualitystatus overtime, by completing templates and analyzing inspection data. Theinspection results will be displayed in real time by theBIM5Dmodel. Also, acase study is provided which successfully used the BIM 5D model during theconstruction phase of the Wuhan International EXPO Center and achieves goodresults.

Key words: Construction Industry；Construction Quality；Construction Codes；BIM；3D