摘 要

   知识库在当今已成为一种重要的工具服务于人们的各项工作中，不论是医学诊断，还是工厂机械运转，知识库都独特地发挥出其内在作用、作出了巨大的贡献。但是其在我国建筑施工行业、尤其是在地下空间开发、地铁隧道修建中的运用较少。首先该种工具在我国建筑行业的开发及运用还尚未成熟，其次地下空间隧道建设本身虽在我国逐渐进入繁荣阶段，但尚未建立完备而全面的知识库体系。本文以地铁施工项目实际为出发点初步构想了以地铁施工安全为载体的知识库的构建。

   本文以地铁施工项目为载体，通过对国内外知识库构建相关技术及其应用的了解分析了地铁施工安全各主要影响因素，结合地铁风险安全监控指标的基础上，运用本体论理论及案例推理的原则对构建集成情境的地铁施工安全动态辨识知识库展开研究。首先本文利用本体论思想构建知识库本体的领域层、功能层、任务层，分别完成领域层的编辑器，功能层的自动识别器、人机识别器，应用层的存储器的构建，最终构建知识库本体。然后运用案例推理和专家识别的方法构建知识库的主要运转方式，分别运用案例推理、专家识别实现知识库自动识别器、人机识别器的运转，并通过双方相互融合、相互促进实现知识库运转。由于知识库非独立运转工具，需要在以案例库、模型库、数据库结合的环境下实现，因此文章最后在知识库构建的基础上提出了服务于地铁施工项目安全的应急决策支持系统的初步构想，并以武汉地铁项目为实例完成了相应知识库的构建理论的实际操作。

关键词：知识库    地铁施工    安全风险辨识    本体论    案例推理

Abstract

   Knowledge base in today has become an important tool for service in people's work.Whether in medical treatment or in mechanical operation, the knowledge base has playedout a unique role and made a great contribution. However, the application in constructionindustry  is  still  scarce  and  even  much  rarer  in  the  underground  space  development  andsubway  tunnelconstruction.  First  of  all  this  kind  of  tool  used  in  construction  anddevelopment industry is not yet mature.Then to build a knowledge base as complete andcomprehensive as possible is still difficult however in the boom phrase of subway tunnelconstruction in China. In this paper, we has build a knowledge base in context of subwayconstruction project with the carrier of construction safety.

   This  paper  analyzed  the  main  safety  factors  in  subway  construction  based  onanalyzing technologies and applications for building knowledge base at home and abroad,did a research on building a knowledge base of dynamic identificationwith the principlesof  ontology  and  casebased  reasoning  theory  for  the  safety  of  subway  constructioncombined withthe risk monitoring indicators. First the architecture of the base is built byontology,  which  is  consisted  of  domain  level,  function  level,  application  level.  Then  theeditor, automatic identifier, humancomputer identifier and storage are needed to build ineach level for the base. After that working mechanism will be realized by the integrationand  promotionof  casebased  reasoning  and  expert  identification  which  is  used  inautomatic  identification  and  humancomputer  identification.  At  last,  the  emergencydecision  support  system  has  been  proposed  for the  construction  safety in view  of  the  itsnonindependent operation, who works in the environment composed of case base, modelbase, data base. At thesame time a practice of knowledge base has been accomplished on the context of subway tunnel construction of Wuhan.

Key words：Knowledge Base   Subway Construction    Security Risk Identification      Ontology                    Case-Based Reasoning