摘 要

   近几年来，建筑行业持续高速发展，在经济发展中扮演着重要的角色。但是在进行建筑生产活动时安全事故不断发生，事故损失严重。安全事故造成了大量社会资源的丧失，严重影响了建筑行业的可持续发展。

   本文对建筑生产安全事故损失的计算、分析、安全投资和管理等方面进行了研究，其主要内容和成果如下：

   首先，在国内外专家学者现有研究的基础上，结合我国国情，补充和完善了建筑生产安全事故损失的构成。将建筑安全生产事故损失分为 6 大类，下设 45 个子项。本文还详细地阐述了 45 个子项的内容及计算方法，可供建筑施工企业统计安全事故损失参考。

   然后，对 45 项损失按照企业内部损失和企业外部损失进行了分析，并运用实例加以说明。实例分析表明，考虑到机会损失，建筑施工企业内部损失较大，是外部损失的 3.88 倍，不考虑机会损失，内部损失是外部损失的 42%。

   最后，对建筑生产安全投资和安全管理进行了研究。在安全投资方面，针对施工企业安全投入项目的现状、安全投入项目比例、最佳安全投入比例结构进行了问卷调查，得出施工企业在安全教育、事故应急救援方面投入不足等结论。接着运用价值工程对某施工企业安全投资分析进行了功能分析，该方法可供施工企业进行安全投资决策时参考。在强化安全管理措施方面，在安全管理方面，针对如何加强安全管理进行了问卷调查，得出了六大加强安全管理的措施。并针对案例具体分析六大措施的内容。

关键词：安全事故    损失计算    损失分析    安全投资    安全管理  

Abstract

   The  construction  industry  has  developed  fast  in  recent  years,  and  it  plays  animportant role in economic development. But, there are continuous accidents and seriouslosses  in  the  process  of  construction.  Safety  accidents  waste a  lot  of  social  resources, which seriously affect the sustainable development of construction industry.

     This  thesis  studies  the  calculation,  analysis,  safety  investment  and  safetymanagement  of  safety  accidents  in  construction  industry.  The  main  contents  and  results are as follows.     Firstly, on the basis of domestic and foreign experts and scholars' existing research,this  thesis  replenishes  and  improves  the  contention  of  loss  of  safety  accidents  and  itdivides the loss of construction accidents into 6 categories,which consists 45 items, listingthe  contents  and  studying  methods  of  calculation  about  them,  which  are  convenient  for construction enterprises to count the loss of safety accidents.

        Secondly,  the  thesis  counts  45  item  losses  according  to  enterprise  interior  loss  andenterprise external loss aswell as using an example to illustrate them. The conclusion ofthe example indicates that with consideration of opportunity loss, enterprise interior loss islarger and it is 3.88 times more than enterprise external loss. But with no consideration of opportunity loss, enterprise interior loss is 42% of enterprise external loss.

        Lastly, the thesis studies safety investment and safety management of safety accidents.On safety investment, an investigateis made aiming at the actuality of safety investment,the  proportion  of  safety  investment  and  the  best  proportion  of  safety  investment  aboutconstruction  enterprises.  It  makes  some  conclusions,  such  as  safety  education  and emergency  relief  of  accidents  are  not  invested  enough  by  construction  enterprises.  Thisthesis  uses  value  engineering  to  analyze  safety  investment  of  a  construction  enterprise,which supplies a method for construction enterprises how to make safety investment. Onsafety management, an investigate is made aiming at how to improve safety management. It specifically analyzes the main content of safety management by using a case.

Key words: Safety Accidents     Calculation about Loss of Safety Accidents Analysis about Loss of Safety Accidents    Safety Investment    Safety Management