摘 要

   地铁在城市松软围岩条件下的大量修建，由于浅埋暗挖法施工具有对城市交通影响小，无污染、无噪声等优点，在城市地铁隧道施工中，浅埋暗挖法具有越来越广阔的发展前景。由于城市地铁隧道往往埋深较浅、周边环境复杂，如果地面沉降控制不好，产生了较大地面沉降，将对周边地面建筑物、道路、管线造成破坏，从而会产生恶劣社会影响，所以研究地铁浅埋暗挖隧道地表沉降的控制方法具有重要

的现实意义。

   本论文以武汉地铁虎名区间隧道浅埋暗挖法施工为工程背景，采用了现场实验及沉降监测相结合的手段，分析了浅埋暗挖隧道地面沉降的变形规律和引起地面沉降的主要影响因素，并对浅埋、软弱地层、岩溶这三类不良地质下条件下浅埋暗挖隧道施工地面沉降过大的原因进行了分析，研究了这三类不良地质条件下控制地面沉降的有效方法和控制效果，提出了这三类不良地质条件下地面沉降控制的技术措施和管理措施。最后以武汉地铁虎名区间隧道不良地质段施工为例，对虎名区间浅埋暗挖隧道施工中遇到上述三类不良地质情况下引起了浅埋段、岩溶段和突泥突水事件导致的地面沉降过大问题，分别对地面沉降控制方案和关键技术进行了案例分析，研究了控制效果，为以后类似工程设计、施工和科研丰富和积累了宝贵经验。

关键词：城市地铁    浅埋暗挖    地面沉降    现场监测    沉降控制

Abstract

    As the subway in urban soft rock conditions of large built, Due to the shallow depthof urban traffic shallow tunnelingmethod construction has little effect on, no pollution, nonoise etc, in urban subway tunnel construction, shallow tunnelingmethod has increasinglybroad development prospects. However urban subway tunnel construction often shallow,circumjacent  environment  complex,  if  the  surface  settlement  control  is  bad,  exertedsignificant  surface  subsidence,  and  will  be  of  surrounding  ground  buildings,  roads,pipelines cause damage, and they produce bad social effect, so metro tunnel shallow depth of surface subsidence control method has the important practical significance.

   This  thesis  combines  Wuhan  subway  HUMIN  interval  shallow  tunneling  methodtunnel  construction  for  engineering  background,  using  the  field  experiment  and  themethod  of  combining  subsidence  monitoring,  Analyzes  the  shallow  depth  excavationtunnel  deformation  law  of  surface  subsidence  caused  by  land  subsidence  and  the  maininfluence factors, and the shallow, soft layers, karst these three bad geological conditionsunder  the  shallow  depth  excavation tunnel  construction  land  subsidence  big  reason  isstudied  and  these  three  poor  geological  conditions,  ground  subsidence  control  effective ways and control effect, and presents the three poor geological conditions, land subsidence

control  technical  measures  and  management  measures. Finally  Wuhan  subway  HUMINinterval  shallow  tunneling  method tunnel  construction  bad  geological  section  as  anexample,  the  thesis  HUMIN  interval  shallow  depth  excavation  in  tunnel  construction meet  the  above  three  bad  geological  conditions  caused  a  shallow  buried  section,  karst

section  and  sudden  mud  waterinrush  events  which  subsidence  oversized  questionrespectively,  the  land  subsidence control  scheme  and  key  technologies  used  in  the  case,the  paper  studies  the  control  effect,  for  the  following  similar  engineering  design, construction and research enriched and accumulated valuable experience from it.

    Key words: Urban Subway    Shallow Tunneling Method    Surface Subsidence  Tunnel Monitoring Measurement    Settlement Control