摘 要

   由于地铁工程具有施工环境复杂、施工地点多在闹市区，施工干扰较大等特点，且目前地铁施工监测存在较大漏洞，现有的施工监测系统只对测点的监测值进行了记录，而并没有将各种监测类型的影响因素在监测系统中反映，若某测点的监测值超过其控制标准，因系统中的资料不全，无法对其造成的原因进行更深入的分析，以此来反馈和指导施工，造成监测资料的大量流失和低水平的利用，所以建立一个能包括地铁施工各种监测类型的影响因素及监测数据的全面的数据库具有其必要性和重要意义。

   论文以某地铁区间隧道和车站明挖基坑的监测数据为基础，结合其现有监测项目和监测值控制标准，选取地表沉降、地下管线沉降、建筑物沉降、土体位移等四种监测类型为对象，分析了各监测类型的主要影响因素和各影响因素对该监测类型的一般性影响规律，并提出了基于监测数据分析应提取的影响因素，包括地质条件、施工工艺、隧道埋深、开挖进度等对地表沉降的影响；地层土质、管线材质、管径、管道埋深、地层损失率、管隧间距等对地下管线沉降的影响；基坑降水、地基土质、基础形式、结构形式、基坑距离、位移历史等对建筑物沉降的影响；钻孔倾斜度、测斜管埋设深度、填料、探头稳定时间等对土体位移的影响。另外，论文结合各监测类型的影响因素和监测数据，基于 Microsoft Access 2007 对某地铁施工监测数据库进行基本模型的设计，对数据库的功能、数据表及其逻辑关系、数据库的简要运行模块进行主要介绍。

关键词：地铁工程   浅埋暗挖   车站深基坑   施工监测   数据库  

Abstract

   Metro  project’s  construction  environment  is  very  complex,  such  as  the  seriousconstruction  disturbance  in  thecenter  of  city  and  lots  of  drawbacks  in  constructionmonitoring. Although the monitoring information systems use now record the monitoringdata, its influencing factors cannot be showed in these systems. When the monitoring dataovertake the controlling criteria, it would be hard to analyze the reason by which the metroconstruction could not be guided, so that a lot of information would be lost. Therefore, it ismeaningful  and  necessary  to  build  a  database  which  includes  monitoring  types, monitoring data and its influencing factors information.

   The thesis takes the monitoring data of a metro tunnel and a station foundation pit asthe original data, combines with monitoring type and controlling criteria, and chooses fourmonitoring  types,  such  as  ground  surface  settlement,  underground  pipe  settlement, building  subsidence,  soil  displacement,  to  analyze  the  main  influencing  factors  and

regularity of monitoring types. It proposes some influencing factors based on monitoringdata.  First,  it  includes  the  ground  surface  settlement’s  influencing  factors,  such  asgeological  characteristics,  construction  technology,  tunnel  depth,  the  progress  ofexcavation.  Second,  the  underground  pipe  settlement’s  influencing  factors,  such  as  soilmaterial, pipe material, diameter, pipe depth, stratigraphic loss rate, the distance betweenpipe and tunnel are proposed. Third, it also includes the building subsidence’s influencingfactors,  such  as  foundation  pit  dewatering,  foundation  form,  structure  form,  the  distancebetween  building  and  the  foundation  pit,  displacement  history.  Fourth,  the  soildisplacement’s influencing factors, such as the inclination of  the  hole,  inclinometer  tubedepth, filling material, the stability time of probe are also proposed. In addition, it mainlyanalyzes the function of database, data tables, logical relationship and operation moduleson the basis of the design of a metro construction monitoring database model by Microsoft Access 2007, combined with monitoring data and its influencing factors.

Key Words: Metro engineering     Shallow underground excavation Deep foundation pit     Construction monitoring     Database