摘 要

   近几年来，建筑业持续高速发展，而建设工程的安全状况也日益严重，安全形势不容乐观。“安全就是效益”已经越来越成为社会各界的共识。但是由于企业的安全投入所产生的效益，具有间接性、隐蔽性、潜在性等特点，因此常常被人们所忽视，这也在一定程度上影响了企业对安全投入的积极性和主动性，导致了我国目前比较严峻的安全形势。

   本文认为安全事故重在防范，因此在建设工程项目实施前及实施过程中对安全的投入应引起高度重视。同时，分析安全投入的一些方法途径，并研究了安全管理工作的评价。

   首先分析了建设工程安全事故的概念、分类及其发生规律，从而能更有效地控制安全事故的发生。将安全事故带来的损失分为间接损失和直接损失，间接损失远大于直接损失，本文分别对事故的直接损失和间接损失做了分析。

   然后对建设工程安全投入，安全投入的效益及投入与效益的关系做了深入的分析。分析安全投入的各影响因素，建立投入的指标构成。按经济效益和非经济效益分别计算建设工程安全效益；同时采用 Dauglas 生产函数研究建设工程安全生产经济增长贡献率。采用灰色关联法分析影响安全效益的主要方面，做出安全投入方向正确的决策。通过对建设工程现场案例的回归分析，求得最有效的安全投资。

   最后，综合研究国内外安全评价方法后，建立适合我国建设工程安全管理评价指标体系，并应用 BP 人工神经网络的方法进行安全管理评价。

关键词：建设工程安全    投入    效益    管理评价

Abstract

   In recent yearswith construction industry developing quickly, the safety is worse andworse. More and more people recognize that safety is a kind of benefits to all the people. Assafety  benefit  has  some  following  characters:  indirect,  latent,  secluded,  it  can  not  getdesired  recognition  by  some  enterprises.  In  a  certain  extent  it  account  for more  serious safety situation.

In this paper, the emphases of safety is precaution, the safety input before and duringconstruction should be taken great attention. And bring forward some methods and ways forsafety  input,  do  some  research  to  evaluation  of  safe  management  of  construction engineering.

Firstly,  analyses  classify  and  occurring  rules  of  safety  accidents  of  constructionengineering in order to controlhappening of safety accidents more effectively. Loss broughtby safety accidents is divided into indirect loss and direct loss. Indirect loss is much more than the direct, this paper analyses both of them.

Secondly, make further research to safety input, safety benefit and the relation betweeninput and benefit of construction engineering. Build input index system based on analysesof influencing factors of safety input. Gained the safety benefitof construction engineeringas  following  methods:  calculate  economic  benefits  and  noneconomic  benefitsrespectively; study economic increase contribution ratio of construction engineering safetyby  Dauglas  product  function.  In  order  to find  out  the  main  factors   influencing  safetybenefit, using grey correlation degree make the correct decision for thedirection of safety input.  Calculating  the  most  efficiency  safety  input  by  regression  analysis  of  cases  of

construction site.

   At last, build a safe management evaluation index system of construction engineeringadapted to our country. And applying BPNeural Network to evaluating safe management.

Key words: Safety of Construction Engineering     Input     Benefits     Management   Evaluation