摘 要
在项目施工过程中,项目进度计划是管理项目工期及其它目标的基础。科学合理的项目进度计划能够降低工程工期延误、投资膨胀。工程项目建设中,经常采用的进度方法主要有两大类:横道图法和网络图法。但在地铁工程中,运用这两种方法具有以下方面的缺陷:首先,地铁工程涉及专业广、建设周期长,且属于线形工程,造成在编制地铁工程进度计划时需要重复地表示不同位置上相同的任务工作,以致进度计划非常的繁杂且难于修改和更新。其次,传统方法在表示地铁工程的进度计划时,难以反映工程中不同地理位置及同一工作面上各任务的位置搭接关系,然而这恰恰是现场进度管理者关注的重点。再者,传统进度计划方法难以解决施工中的空间冲突问题,由于传统进度计划方法没有表达出任务的空间属性,这便造成了项目进度管理者只能够依靠经验去想象可能存在的施工空间冲突问题。
因此,本文提出一种基于时空线形图的地铁工程进度管理方法,以简洁有效的表达线形工程的进度、形象的体现地铁工程的地理位置及同一工作面上各任务的位置搭接关系,并在其基础上,构建可视化的 4D 进度管理系统,以有效地解决施工过程中的空间冲突问题。从而实现对项目实时、精准的控制,提升地铁工程进度管理的水平,提高投资效益。
关键词:时空线形图 地铁工程 可视化 进度 控制系统
Abstract
Project schedule is the basis of project period and other goals. Period delays andinvestment expansion will bereduced greatly if we have a more scientific project schedule.In construction process, two major categories of scheduling methods are constantlyadapted: bar chart method (Gantt chart) and the Network Plan (commonly used CriticalPath Method CPM). However, in the subway project, the two methods have the followingdeficiencies: firstly, the subway project involves wide profession, long constructionperiodand belongs to linear project. Therefore, we need to mark the same tasks atdifferent work locations repeatedly during preparing the subway project schedule with theresult that the schedule is very complicated and difficult to modify and update. Secondly,traditional methods are difficult to reflect overlap relationship among the various taskscarried out at different geographical location and thesame work face, which is preciselythe focus of the onsite progress managers. Furthermore, traditional methods can not solve the spatial conflicts in construction process. Because traditional methods do not conveythe spatial properties oftasks, the project schedule managers can only rely on experienceto imagine the possible space conflict in construction process.
Therefore, this thesis proposes a subway schedule management method in order tosimply express schedule of linear project and vividly reflect overlap relationship amongthe various tasks carried out at different geographical location and the same work face.And on this basis, we build 4D visualization schedule management system to effectivelysolve the space conflicts in construction, and thereby achieve realtime and precise controlof project, enhance the level of subway schedule management, and improve investment returns.
Key Words: Linear schedule Subway engineering Visualization Schedule Control system