摘 要
与信息时代、网络时代相伴而生的电子商务将包括个人、企业、组织机构和政府在内的这一切进行了整合。建筑业是国民经济的支柱产业,就业容量大,产业关联度高。对建筑企业进行电子商务的研究具有重要的意义。
本文采用了网络搜索、文献调查、数据分析、类比论证、概念模型和数学模型等方法对建筑电子商(Construction Electronic Business,CEB)理论及其系统框架体系展开研究。
首先,通过数据分析揭示了我国互联网的直线发展趋势;通过对建筑业和制造业的信息化普及状况进行历史地比较,得出自 2002 年以后,制造业由于较早展开信息化应用研究,其信息化普及率呈直线上升;而建筑业的信息化普及率一直低于制造业,且低于全国平均水平。从 IT 生产力悖论问题着手,对信息化进行否定之否定,认为IT 对于建筑企业来说必不可少,但建筑企业不能将其看作是竞争优势的来源。将竞争优势作为基础企业理论展开相关述评。
然后,通过剖析电子商务,阐明了电子商务的特征及其对企业的价值。基于基础企业理论,阐明了建筑业在经营战略和信息化上面临的挑战,并由此提出了 CEB 理论,论证了 CEB 战略能够为建筑企业赢得竞争优势。通过剖析企业内外三大要素系列,提出 CEBS 的“三接口两平台”基本层次结构,基于系统论,设计出了 CEBS 的一般框架模型以及 NIC(Network Integrated Construction)平台模型,实现了“建筑企业-项目部”的一体化和“商务-IT”的一体化。
其次,设计出了 CEBS 三维综合评价模型,能够保证 CEBS 实施前、实施中和实施后全过程的系统控制和企业内外、历史迭代的知识积累。
最后,对本文的主要成果和创新点做了总结,并指出本文不足,对未来的研究重点和方向进行了展望。
关键字:信息化 建筑企业 电子商务 竞争优势 IT 生产力悖论 系统评价 框架体系研究
Abstract
Accompanied by the ages of information and internet, eBusiness integrates the allincluding individuals, enterprises, organizations and governments. The constructionindustry is a supporting industry for national economy, accommodating large employment and related with the other industries obviously. So, it has meaning to study the e-Business
in construction industry.
The theory and system framework of CEB (Construction eBusiness) is studied in thispaper, using the methods of web search, literature research, data analysis, analogism, conceptual model and mathematic model.
First, through data analysis, the straight line development trend of China internet isdiscovered. Compare theconstruction industry with the manufacturing industry, it isshowed that after year 2002 the informatization popularization rate of the construction isstraightly lower than the manufacturing industry, and is below the national average level.Elicited by the IT productivity paradox, it is considered that IT is a necessity of
construction enterprise, but the competitive advantage of construction industry can’t begained through IT only.And then, the competitive advantage theory, as a basic enterprise theory, is reviewed.
Then, through deep eBusiness analysis, the value of eBusiness contributes toconstruction enterprise is set forth. Based on the theory of competitive advantage, thechallenge of construction industry in business strategy and informatization is expounded.
Thereout, the CEB theory is raised and the competitive advantage of CEB strategy isanalyzed by the Five Forcesmodel. Through taking apart general enterprise to three mainfactors and set forth the basic hiberarchy structure, based on system theory the generalsystem framework model of CEBS and NIC (network integrated construction) platformmodel are designed. Consequently, the object of enterpriseproject integration andbusinessIT integration comes true.The 3D compositive evaluating model for CEBS isdesigned, which guarantees the inside and outside, historic and iterative knowledge accumulation, and the whole process control. Finally, the main conclusions and creation are sum up, the shortages are pointed out,and stress and orientation of the future research is prospected.
Keywords: Informatization Construction Enterprise Competitive Advantage IT Productivity Paradox System Evaluation System Framework Study e-Business