随着国民经济的发展和城市化进程的加快,城市交通量急剧增长。为了缓解城市交通,地铁建设已经成为必然选择,否则难以解决大城市的交通和维持城市的持续发展。现在我国各大城市都在积极的进行地铁建设。但是由于地铁工程多建于热闹繁华的市区,地层条件和地下构筑物的不确定性及周围建筑物的复杂性加大了施工技术的难度和安全管理的难度,使得国内地铁施工事故频繁发生,造成巨大人员经济损失和恶劣的社会影响,因此,迫切需要加大对地铁施工的安全管理。地铁施工安全危险源的辨识是对地铁施工安全进行管理的基础,危险源辨识的不利势必导致安全管理的不利,本文将对地铁施工危险源的辨识进行研究,为地铁施工安全管理提供基础。
论文从地铁工程施工的事故原因研究出发,通过对近年的重大地铁工程安全事故主要事故类型以及典型案例的分析,在系统安全理论的基础上提出了地铁工程施工危险源的分类模型,然后利用这一分类模型和地铁项目施工的事故原因特点,分析地铁施工危险源的辨识体系,完成地铁工程施工的危险源的结构界定,并依据地铁工程施工危险源结构的界定对地铁项目工程体的危险源进行结构分解,构建了地铁工程施工的WBS-RBS模型。论文对地铁施工危险源辨识体系中的地铁施工项目所处的自然和周边环境危险源进行了辨识,最后作了一个案例分析。
关键词:安全管理 地铁工程 危险源结构 辨识体系 WBS—RBS
Withthe development of national economy, the cityoriented growth and the sharpincreasing of city traffic capacity, the subway construction has become theinevitable choice to relieve the traffic stress. Otherwise, the traffic issueand problem of sustainable development couldn’t be solved effectively.Nowadays, China’smajor cities are being carried out subway construction actively. While thesubway construction always is projected in the heart of urban district. Theformation conditions and the uncertainty of underground structure andcomplexity of surrounding buildings have increased the difficulty ofconstruction and security management, leading to frequent accidents with hugeeconomic losses and adverse social impact. So the safety management of subwayconstruction is very urgent to improve. The identification and analysis of thesafety and hazard identification of the subway construction is the basis ofsafety management of subway construction. The adverse hazard identificationwill inevitably lead to the negative safe management. This paper will conduct astudy of the identify of risk sources for subway construction and provide abasis of safety management.
Thepaper begins with the study of the reasons causing accidents in the subwayconstruction. Through the statistics of a major subway security incidents, aswell a the analysis of typical cases in recent years, the author gives thedefinition of the structural hazards model of risk sources of a subwayconstruction based on the safety system engineering. Using this structuralmodel, the paper illustrates the definition of identification system of risksources and structure of risk sources in the subway construction. In this paper,the subway construction project WBS-RBS model is constructed, while the risksources of construction of the subway system in which engineering geology andhydro-environmental hazards and the surrounding environment of the subwayconstruction project are preliminarily identified, and acase analysis has beendone at the last.
Keyword:Safety management,subway construction, hazard’sstructure, hazard identification system, WBS-RBS