摘 要

   随着我国经济社会的不断发展，城市化进程日益加快，城市地下空间和高层建筑迅速发展起来。基坑工程在城市中日益常见，并朝着大深度、大面积方向发展。同时，基坑工程施工不可避免的会影响邻近建筑物。因此，如何在基坑施工中保证周边建筑物的安全是一项具有重要意义的研究课题。

   论文以武汉市轨道交通二号线一期工程地铁车站为背景，基于过程控制理论，对基坑邻近建筑物沉降控制进行了相关研究工作。对基坑施工引起建筑物沉降理论、建筑物沉降监测以及典型的建筑物沉降控制方案进行了论述。主要总结了土体损失理论、比奥固结理论，重点阐述了建筑物沉降监测控制标准、分级降水控制等对建筑物沉降控制的作用。随后将过程控制理论应用于基坑工程施工全过程，建立了基坑邻近建筑物沉降过程控制的基本概念、模型和实施方法。重点将基坑施工全过程按照不同施工阶段进行划分，并针对每个施工阶段确定控制目标确定、控制方案，然后进行控制方案实施、效果分析与反馈。

   最后以某基坑工程中广电大楼的沉降控制为实例，利用建筑物沉降过程控制方法，确定了大楼总的控制目标。将总的控制目标分解到注浆加固阶段、地下连续墙施工阶段、基坑开挖降水阶段、主体结构施工阶段等不同施工阶段，提出了有针对性的邻近建筑物沉降控制方案。按照控制方案对基坑施工中广电大楼进行保护，并通过监测数据对控制效果进行分析和验证。

关键词：基坑施工      全过程      邻近建筑物      沉降控制    监控量测

Abstract

   With the continuous development of our country’s economy and society, urbanizationprocess  speed  up  day  by  day,  urbanunderground  space  and  highrise  buildings  developrapidly. Excavation  becomes increasingly  common in  the city. The project of  foundationpit  goes  into  larger  scale  and  depth.  Meanwhile,  foundation  pit  inevitably  influenceambientbuildings. Therefore, how to ensure  the  security  of  surrounding  building  duringthe foundation excavation is an important research topic.

   Based on Zhongshan park station on Wuhan metro line 2, thesis does some relevantresearch  on  influence  and  control  of  foundation  pit  excavation  to  adjacent  buildingsettlement based on process control. The basic theory and methods ofbuilding subsidenceare summarized; the monitoring and controlling theory are concluded. Biot's consolidationtheory,  buildingsubsidence  monitoring  control  standards,  grading  precipitation  isemphatically  summarized.  Process  control  has  been  used  in  foundation  excavationconstruction.  The  basic  concept  and  model,  the  implementing  measure  of  the processcontrol  to  adjacent  building  settlement  has  been  built  up.  There  are  setting  controlobjectives,  defining control  scenario, implement  control  scenario and  giving the analysis and feedback of the effect.

   Taking an  excavation project as an  example, using  the  process control  methods, thetotal  control  target  of  the building  are  determined.  The  total  control  are  divided  intoseveral progress ones such as high pressure jet groutingpile construction, excavation anddewatering,  the  main  structure  construction.  The  corresponding  control  scenario  are formulated and implemented. Based on the monitoring data, the analysis and feedback of the effect are given.

Key Words: Pit Construction   0verall Process   Adjacent Building   Settlement Control  Monitoring Measurement