摘 要
城市交通设施除了发挥改善路网结构、提高通行效率等基础性功能之外,能够带来巨大的外部经济效益,对周边房地产价值的提升作用就是其中之一。随着中国城市化建设进程不断向前推进,过去未得到有效利用的由交通设施引发的物业增值效益得到了越来越多的关注。
本文首先探讨了城市交通设施对沿线土地价格,土地开发强度和利用性质,以及城市经济发展的影响,从三个层次分析交通设施对周边房地产价值的影响机理。进而以hedonic估计法和方差分析法为基础,加以改进,构建模型以计算交通设施对不同类型房地产价值变化的贡献作用。并以南泥湾高架桥为例,运用有关数据进一步说明模型的使用方法。计算结果从不同角度均表明了项目对高架桥周边区域住宅价格的影响极其显著。另外,本文指出了目前城市交通设施增值效益返还措施的不足点,并利用拟推行的物业税制度提出了改进意见。最后探讨了城市交通设施建设与土地利用一体规划的四个技术要点,以充分利用城市交通设施的外部经济效益。
本文采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,全面阐述了城市交通设施对房地产价值的影响原因、作用程度,以及挖掘此项经济效益的措施。研究成果一方面可以完善城市交通设施建设后评价体系,另一方面能够为增值效益返还措施提供设计依据,以增加政府财政收入,缓解基础建设的融资压力。
关键词:城市交通设施 房地产价值 hedonic模型 方差分析法 物业税
Abstract
Except improving the road structure and increasing transportation efficiency, urbantransportation infrastructure can bring a great amount of economic benefit, and its effecton property value is one part of it. With the rapid development of the urbanlization inChina, the benefit of real estate value increment brought by the transportation infrastructure, which was not emphasized in the past, attracts more and more attention now.
The thesis first discuses the influences of urban transportation infrastructure on landvalue, land use function and intensity, and urban economic development, and analyses themechanism on how transportation infrastructure boosts the valueof adjacent properties.Secondly, traditional Hedonic Price Model and Analysis of Variance Model are modified,based on which special analysis models for studying the effect of transportationinfrastructure on the price of different properties are developed. Thirdly, the thesis takesNan Ni Wan Viaduct as an example to further explain the employment method inempirical analysis. The calculation outcome shows that the influence of the viaduct onhousing price in nearby area is tremendously large. In addition, the deficiency withincurrent mechanism for utilizing the economic benefit of transportation infrastructure ispointed out, and improvement suggestions are proposed by introducing the incomingproperty tax system. Finally, a combined planning of urban transportation infrastructure construction and land use is suggested, and four key operation points are studied.
The thesis employs both quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis tosystematically investigate how and towhich degree urban transportation infrastructureaffects the property value, and proposes strategies to realize the potential economic benefit.It is conducive to improving current postevaluation system for urban transportationinfrastructure and providing design guidelines to make full use of the benefits of propertyvalue increment, which has an important role of increasing government income and relieve the pressure of construction financing.
Key words: Urban Transportation Infrastructure, Property Value,Hedonic Price Model, Analysis of Variance Model, Property Tax System