摘要

改革开放以来，建筑业经过几十年的发展已成为国民经济的支柱。但行业内安全事故却时有发生，给社会造成不容忽视的损失，因此安全问题始终是建筑行业的重点。一方面建筑工程的高风险性导致安全生产事故频发，另一方面我国建筑工人流动性高、职业素质低、区域性明显等特点使得安全生产形势更加严峻。本文从建筑工人流动性角度出发，研究建筑工人流动性对其安全行为的影响，为提高建筑行业安全生产水平提出新的管理思路与建议。

本文首先分析了建筑劳务分包市场的发展和现状，剖析了劳务市场存在的问题，尤其是建筑工人高流动性。同时，分析了建筑工人高流动性的成因及其不利影响，并对建筑工人基本情况和流动性现状进行调研分析。其次，基于文献研究，深入分析了建筑工人流动性对安全行为的影响关系。根据对安全行为相关的理论研究，引入安全认知和安全沟通变量，构建了结构方程模型。然后，对武汉市建筑工地上的建筑工人进行实地调研，共获得124份有效问卷。利用Amos软件，对建筑工人流动性对安全行为影响路径进行实证检验。

结果表明，建筑工人流动性对安全行为有直接的显著负向影响；建筑工人流动性通过安全沟通和安全认知的中介作用对安全行为有显著负向影响。根据以上实证研究的结论，本文为建筑企业降低建筑工人流动性提出了针对性的解决方法和应对策略，以降低建筑工人不安全行为，最终提高企业安全管理绩效。

关键词：流动性；建筑工人；劳务分包；安全行为；效应分析

Abstract

Since China's reform and opening up, construction industry has a vigorous development in the new period. As the pillar industry of national economy, safety accidents occur frequently in construction industry and we can't ignore the harm to the society. So the security problem has always been the focus of the construction industry. High risks of engineering, high liquidity and low professional quality and regional characteristics of construction workers make safety situation more serious. However, few papers researched safety from the liquidity of construction worker angle. Therefore, this paper researches the influence of the liquidity of construction workers on safety behavior in order to put forward new suggestions to improve the level of the construction industry safety production.

This paper first analyzes the development and status quo of the construction contracting market and the existing problems, especially the construction workers' high liquidity.At the same time,the paper analyzes the cause and adverse effects of the high liquidity of construction workers, and the current liquidity and basic situation of construction workers by investigation.Secondly, based on literature research, this paper deeply analyzes the relationship between construction workers' liquidity, safety communication, safety cognition, and safety behavior and constructs a structural equation model of construction workers' liquidity impacting on the safety behavior.Then, it investigated the construction workers on construction site in Wuhan and finally received a total of 124 valid questionnaire responses. Using software Amos, it researches the liquidity of construction workers impacting on safety behavior by empirical test.

The results show that the construction workers' liquidity has direct significant negative effects on safety behavior; Construction workers' liquidity has a significant negative effect on safety behavior through mediation effect of safety communication and cognitive. According to the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some corresponding suggestion for construction enterprises to reduce liquidity of construction workers, which will improve the construction workers' safety communication and safety cognition, and reduce the construction workers' unsafe behavior and improve safety performance.

Key words:Liquidity; Construction workers; Labor subcontracting; Safety behavior; Effect analysis