基于BIM的装配式综合管廊模块化设计及优化组装研究

刘一鸣

摘 要

随着城市人群对于交通通畅和市容优化的追求，城市地下综合管廊的建设成为一种迫切的需要并且国内对装配式大力发展的要求，使得装配式综合管廊成为了近些年研究热点。现阶段的装配式综合管廊发展很不成熟，其存在的主要问题有：（1）国内以大截面装配式综合管廊为对象的深入研究较少；（2）装配式综合管廊的现场组装缺乏合理规划易造成资金及管理资源分配不合理；（3）设计软件数量繁多，对于装配式的设计工具缺少清晰的分类。另外装配式综合管廊在设计阶段依旧大量采用二维平面设计，其信息流转、设计效率、模块构件关联程度均较低，随着BIM技术的不断发展，适时引入BIM技术对于装配式综合管廊的设计极具帮助。

为此，本文在引入模块化管理思想的基础上，提出了基于BIM技术的装配式综合管廊预制构件组装的优化管理办法。首先本文结合装配式建筑体系划分和模块化定义系统地对装配式综合管廊进行模块化分解；之后采用聚类矩阵方法以成本为优化目标分析装配式综合管廊模块的聚类过程，并利用相关系数矩阵检验所求得的聚类结论，通过吊装机械的选择计算公式优化现场组装过程中的成本。最后应用某综合管廊的实际案例对上述方法进行了实证研究，通过聚类矩阵方法对三舱综合管廊的模块组装过程的应用，得出各舱独立预制后再组装更适用于大截面装配式综合管廊的结论，同时也得到了一种三舱装配式综合管廊的优化组装全流程。随后在优化结果的基础上，通过Rhino-Grasshopper软件详细阐述了如何通过逻辑运算命令建立武九线综合管廊模型，模型更好地表达了管廊模块间的逻辑关联以及BIM软件和装配式构件之间的逻辑关系。

关键词：装配式综合管廊；BIM；模块化设计；优化；模块组装

 Abstract

With unveiling a series policy of prefabricated construction and utility tunnel, as well as the urban people to the pursuit of smooth traffic and optimization of the city, makes the prefabricated utility tunnel has become a hot research topic in recent years. At present, the development of prefabricated utility tunnel is very immature, and its main problems are: (1) at present, there is little modular research on the large section prefabricated utility tunnel of multi-module in China; (2) the former research used the numerical calculation method to optimize the assembly and other management issues of the prefabricated utility tunnel is rare; (3) there is few systematic analysis of BIM software for prefabricated utility tunnel. Furthermore, prefabricated utility tunnel in the design phase is still using CAD mostly, the efficiency of information transfer, design effectiveness and module components correlation degree are low, with the continuous development of BIM technology, timely introduction of BIM technology to the design of prefabricated utility tunnel help extremely.

Therefore, this paper proposes the application of modularized management method and BIM technology to solve the optimization management problem of prefabricated utility tunnel. First of all, this paper combines the division of prefabricated building system and modular definition to systematically divide prefabricated utility tunnel as modules. Then, according to the analysis of ten different BIM software aimed at prefabricated building, the parametric model design of prefabricated utility tunnel was proposed. After clustering matrix method used in order to optimize the target cost of large cross-section prefabricated utility tunnel, and using the correlation coefficient matrix to inspect clustering results. The formula for computing the selection of hoisting machinery in the process of on-site assembly with goal to reduce cost. Finally, application of a utility tunnel as the actual case to apply and validate the above two kinds of calculation methods, it is concluded that the independent prefabrication of each compartment more suitable for the large cross-section prefabricated utility tunnel. Then use Rhino -Grasshopper software in detail to build utility tunnel model by logical operation command, its significance is mainly to find out the logic relation between utility tunnel module and BIM software and the logical relationship between prefabricated components.

Keywords: Prefabricated Utility Tunnel; BIM; Modular Design; Optimization; Module Assembly