管片生产与配送调度优化研究

刘文浩

摘 要

随着我国城镇化进程的快速推进各地城市轨道交通工程大规模开工建设，盾构法在区间隧道施工中被广泛采用，预制装配式管片作为盾构施工的主要衬砌材料，需求数量大幅增加，管片生产厂的建设数量和规模不断扩大，本文试图对管片的生产与库存及配送进行优化研究，进而提高管片厂的效益。

本文首先根据问卷调查的结果和自身的工作经验，简单的介绍预制装配式管片厂的生产与库存及配送现状，并结合国内外相关领域的研究成果，分析指出存在的问题和产生问题的原因，随后引入供应链管理、物联网技术、虚拟配送、智慧物流、柔性生产等概念和方法，在管片生产中使用RFID标签，使得流通和质量可追溯；对管片库存数量和库存时间以及堆场布局进行探讨；应用动态规划背包算法解决配送车辆调度问题，应用启发式算法解决车辆路径问题等；然后从业务流程和相关方出发，构建管片厂生产与配送调度系统大体框架，并结合案例做简要的分析。

根据实际的工程案例分析结果表明，通过优化后的管片生产与配送调度能够有效的解决管片生产与库存及配送问题，满足施工单位生产需求的同时提高管片厂经营效益。

关键词：管片; 供应链;  物联网;  虚拟配送; 调度优化

Abstract

With the rapid progress of urbanization in China, large-scale urban rail transit projects have begun to be constructed. The shield tunneling method has been widely used in the construction of interval tunnels, and prefabricated tubular segments have been used as the main lining materials for shield construction. The number and scale of the construction of pipe piece production plants have been continuously expanded. This paper attempts to optimize the production and inventory of pipe pieces and their distribution, so as to improve the benefits of the piece factories.

Firstly, based on the results of the questionnaire survey and its own work experience, this article briefly introduces the status of production and inventory and distribution of prefabricated assembly plant. Combined with research results in related fields at home and abroad, the paper points out the existing problems and the causes of the problems. Then, they introduced the concepts and methods of supply chain management, IoT technology, virtual distribution, smart logistics, flexible production, etc. The use of RFID tags in the production of segments led to the traceability of circulation and quality; the number and timing of stocks on the segments and the stockpiles The field layout is discussed; the dynamic programming backpack algorithm is used to solve the distribution vehicle scheduling problem, heuristic algorithm is used to solve the vehicle routing problem, etc.; then, with the aid of information technology, the production and delivery scheduling system of the spool plant is constructed from the business process and related parties. The framework, combined with a brief analysis of the case.

According to the actual project case analysis results, the optimized segment production and distribution scheduling can effectively solve the segment production and inventory and distribution problems, and meet the production needs of the construction unit while improving the operating efficiency of the segment.

Key Words: Segment; Supply Chain; Internet Of Things; Virtual Distribution; Scheduling Optimization