摘   要

随着我国建筑业规模的大型化、复杂化和生产效率的提高，我国的建设工程项目管理向着规范化、标准化的方向发展。但是，近年来频繁发生的建设工程安全事故，虽然有一定的偶然和人为因素，但是也暴露了传统建设项目管理方式在地铁、超高层建筑等复杂动态型建设项目中存在问题，亟待改进。

本文在分析建设项目复杂动态性等特征的基础上，提出复杂动态型建设项目的基本概念。通过分析传统项目管理理论在这类型建设项目中存在的问题，借鉴国内外对该类型建设项目管理理论在管理策略、系统理论、集成管理等方面的改进与创新，学习精益建造理论的演化过程，研究信息化的发展对管理理论改进的推动作用，提出本文的研究课题：基于过程论的复杂动态性建设项目管理方式。

过程论是与实体论相对应的对世界本原的认识。首先研究了以怀特海为代表的过程论的基本原理。然后分析过程论的基本理论等对当前建设项目管理方式带来的影响和启示。通过对传统项目管理方式的反思，提出传统项目管理方式在复杂动态型建设项目中陷入困境的主要原因。最后，基于上述认识，提出基于过程论的复杂动态型建设项目的管理方式框架：基于信息技术和过程本体，以建立和谐的建设环境为基础；以通过控制建设项目的动态性和复杂性的建设过程关系管理为手段；以实现建设项目管理和生产的持续改进，不断满足客户的要求为最终目标。

建设过程本体是体现过程概念的信息体。建设过程本体作为具有自主性和可发展性的个体，是具有自组织性的机体的组成单元。通过研究当前信息技术的最新进展，定义了建设过程本体的概念。分析建设过程本体的信息构成和建设过程本体的特性，建立建设过程本体模型。建设过程本体的研究是后续建设过程和谐管理和建设过程关系管理的基础。

建设过程和谐管理从微观入手，在复杂动态的环境下，通过建立和谐的建设环境，激发每个参与者的能动性，提高整个项目的适应能力和应变能力。分析过程论思想在建设和谐环境中的指导意义。提出基于建设过程本体的和谐管理框架。结合信息技术的发展现状，以在沈阳地铁中nD等人本界面的应用为例，研究并构建了建设过程和谐管理平台可能的实现方式——基于过程本体，以人本界面和网络等信息技术为媒介，服务于整个建设项目的，统一的共享与协作平台。

建设过程关系管理通过分析建设过程之间的相互影响和相互作用，把整个项目联接为一个有机的整体，从宏观上把握建设项目的发展态势。分析并明确建设过程关系管理的含义、目的和基本特征。提出基于建设过程本体的建设过程关系管理框架。以建设过程本体属性关系为纽带，分析建设项目领域集成管理与建设过程本体属性的关系。以建设过程本体为基本单元，对建设项目过程网络的动态性进行了研究，提出建设过程网络动态性的分析方法，并给出计算的示例。

为了适应目前建设项目大型化、复杂化的发展趋势，传统项目管理理论面临着挑战和创新。借鉴国内外各种新兴的建设项目管理理论和管理方式，本文在这方面做了初步的探讨，需要在今后的实践中不断完善。

关键词：建设项目管理；过程论；信息技术；过程本体；和谐管理；关系管理

Abstract

Chinese constructionindustry is becoming bigger, more complex and productive, which leads tostandardized project management. However, a serial accidents in recent yearssuggest that despite of minor errors, traditional project management strategiesare challenged to be improved.

Based on the complexdynamic of construction projects, this paper brought up the concept of complexdynamic construction. Problems faced in the construction process are analysed,referring to domestic as well as overseas improvements and innovations ofmanagerial strategies, systematic theories and integrated management, theevolution of lean construction theory and the advantage of IT tools arestudied, and this paper focused on building a complex dynamic constructionproject management model based on process metaphysics。

The process metaphysicsis a contrast perspective of world essentials to substantialism. Firstly, thebasic theory of Wright's is introduced. Secondly, the influence and insights ofprocess theory to construction management model is analysed. Thirdly, with asecond thought of traditional management model, a new perspective that thecause of problems in construction is brought up. Finally, a new complex dynamicconstruction management model frame based on process metaphysics is brought up,which is based on IT technology to building a harmony building environment, bymeans of controlling dynamics and complex of relational management, and focusedon continual improvement of construction management and production and clients'satisfaction.

Construction process ontology is the body ofinformation representing construction process. with its autonomy and developable,it is the units of self-organized body. The construction process ontology isdefined through innovations in information technology, especially ontology，agent technology. The constructionprocess ontology model is built through analysis of the structure of constructionprocess ontology information and its characters. The research to theconstruction process ontology is the foundation of harmony management andrelation management of construction process.

Construction harmonymanagement focuses on micro aspects, creates harmony environment, encouragesattendants' initiatives, makes projects more adaptive..The importance of processmetaphysics has to construction harmony environment is discussed and aframework to harmony management based on construction process ontology issuggested. Finally, a possible method of construction harmony management, theintegrated platform with the media of customer-oriented interaction andInternet and services the ultimate goal of the whole project is built.

Constructionrelationship management connects the project as a whole and predicts thedevelopment from a macro perspective by analysing the interactions andinterdependence of processes. The contents, goals and characters ofconstruction relationship management is discussed, the framework based on constructionprocess ontology is brought up, the relationships between projects' integratedmanagement and characters of construction process ontology is analysed.Finally, based on construction process ontology, the dynamics of constructionprocess network is researched and a case model is given.

To sum up, traditionalproject management theory is challenged and needs to be updated to adjust tothe dynamic and complex development. This paper discussed several primaryissues and needs improvement later on.

Key Words: construction management , processmetaphysics, IT, construction process ontology，harmony management, relationship management